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Ubiquinol-10 is a benzoquinol and is the reduced product of ubiquinone also called coenzyme Q10.The reduction of ubiquinone to ubiquinol occurs in Complexes I&II in the electron transfer chain. The Q cycle is a process that occurs in cytochrome b[, a component of Complex III in the electron transport chain,and that converts ubiquinol to ubiquinone in a cyclic fashion. When ubiquinol binds to cytochrome b, the pKa of the phenolic group decreases so that the proton ionizes and the phenoxide anion is formed (Wikipedia). Ubiquinol-10, the reduced form of ubiquinone-10, efficiently scavenges free radicals generated chemically within liposomal membranes. Ubiquinol-10 is about as effective in preventing peroxidative damage to lipids as alpha-tocopherol, which is considered the best lipid-soluble antioxidant in humans. The number of radicals scavenged by each molecule of ubiquinol-10 is 1.1 under certain experimental conditions. In contrast to alpha-tocopherol, ubiquinol-10 is not recycled by ascorbate. However, it is known that ubiquinol-10 can be recycled by electron transport carriers present in various biomembranes and possibly by some enzymes. It is shown that ubiquinol-10 spares alpha-tocopherol when both antioxidants are present in the same liposomal membranes and that ubiquinol-10, like alpha-tocopherol, does not interact with reduced glutathione.It is suggested that ubiquinol-10 is an important physiological lipid-soluble antioxidant. [PMID: 2352956].